Minimum Wage And The Wage - 965 Words

Minimum wage continues to increase, but does it increase enough? Minimum wage right now in Florida is set at $8.05 but who can really live off that. It is absurd that the minimum wage has not increase since the 1960’s in real buying power. The reason for this statement is that the minimum wage in the 1960’s allowed people to buy more items then they could buy with the minimum wage in 2013. In Order have the same buying power as in the 1960’s the minimum wage in 2013 would need to be at least $9.84 an hour. However, the minimum wage in 2013 was only at $7.25 an hour which was a 35.7 percent decrease of the buying power of an individual. The cost of living is continuously increasing. Bills, housing and everyday expenses continue to increase, which is making it impossible for people to live comfortably. The Minimum wage increase ties into chapter 8 Social Stratification and the U.S Class system in the Society in Focus book. Applying the conflict, functionalist and symbolic interactionist perspective to this chapter will help with further understanding the different aspects and causes with increasing minimum wage. The conflict perspective for raising the minimum wage is between the upper class that runs large corporations and the lower class that works at minimum wage salaries. Lower class people want to make a higher minimum wage and the wealthy class does want to increase their wages because they want to keep making a large profit. Also, The upper class or wealthy controlShow MoreRelatedMinimum Wage And The Wage1573 Words   |  7 Pages What is minimum wage? It is the lowest amount that employers must pay their workers per hour of their labor, legally prescribed by federal government. According to Bureau of Labor Statics, United States Department of Labor, minimum wage was first introduced in United States by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1938 called Fair Labor Standard Act (FLSA). The initial minimum wage was set to $0.25 per hour in 1938 (Grossman). The minimum wage was increased twenty-two times from 1938 to 2009. AtRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage916 Words   |  4 PagesEl iminate the Minimum Wage Darity Has described minimum wage as: â€Å"Minimum-wage legislation has been to improve the terms of employment of the least-fortunate wage earners.† (Darity) Since the beginning of minimum wage laws in 1270 France the intentions of minimum wage legislation has been good. The idea is that a worker is worth a certain amount regardless of the work they are able to do. One can see how this could create inefficiencies in an economy. The law was meant to help poor families.Read MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage1639 Words   |  7 PagesMinimum wage is one of the many microeconomic policies that serve to correct imbalance in the economy. It is defined as the lowest amount of remuneration required of an employer to pay his employees during a given period of work. There exist different laws in different states that can fix the minimum wage policy. A current economic issue is minimum wage, or specifically, its pertinence to social inequality. Many sectors of society would be affected by changes in this policy. Minimum wage relies onRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pages Minimum wage requires paying every employee a specific wage regardless of the employee productivity. It is the responsibility of the government to set the minimum wage. To understand this, a biology analogy can be used: some animals are stronger compared to others. In economic perspective, some people are relatively unable to deliver compared to others. Among them include, disabled, unskilled, and the youth. Due to their low productivity, they are entitled lower wages corresponding to their effortsRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage1176 Words   |  5 Pageswork weeks at minimum wage can be insufficient to provide for life’s necessities. Many minimum wage workers must supplement their income with taxpayer-funded federal assistance programs in addition to working beyond the standard 40 hour work week. There is an economical and ethical imperative to increase th e pay of low-income workers, and this can most effectively be done by raising the federally established minimum wage. The federal government assumed responsibility for ensuring wage fairness by implementingRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage960 Words   |  4 Pagescountry, or type of job believe that increasing the minimum wage would solve individual financial problems. It is important to know that this subject is not a black-and-white problem and can not be answered by a simple yes or a no answer. This article will be focusing on the minimum wage in America. Furthermore, we are focusing on the State s minimum wage rather the Federal minimum wage. It is important to understand that the state s minimum wage is different than the Federal. In some states it mayRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage Essay1728 Words   |  7 PagesRoyer Political Science 120 7 November 2016 Increase Minimum Wage Introduction The United States’ minimum wage has been a concerning issue amongst the low wage earners because of the amount they earn is not enough for them to live on their own. Therefore causing the citizens who earn minimum wage to have an impossible time finding a place to stay and expenses for daily survival. Increasing the minimum wage will solve the issues that the minimum wage earners make, thus increasing the chances of survivalRead MoreThe Wage Is The Minimum Wage1098 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish 9 6/5/16 â€Å"The minimum wage is the minimum hourly wage an employer can pay an employee for work. Currently, the federal minimum wage is $7.25 an hour (part of the Fair Labor Standards Act) and some states and cities have raised their minimum wage even higher than that.† minimum wage was first introduced during the great depression in 1930s. Before it was introduced thousands of people were forced to work in horrible conditions for pennies a week. Early attempts on minimum wage was ruled unconstitutionalRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage1437 Words   |  6 Pages Minimum wage was established on October 24, 1938 after President Roosevelt signed the Fair Labor Standards Act. (Grossman) Minimum wage was set to allow working class citizens an opportunity to work a reasonable amount of hours for pay that would enable individuals to maintain a minimal quality life. In today’s economics minimum wage is used as a price control or price floor that the government enforces. A price floor is a minimum price for a product or service above the market’s equilibrium priceRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage Essay1204 Words   |  5 PagesThe minimum wage is one of the most controversial issues on our country, which is United States has been facing last ten years. There have been never ending debates over this issue until the government, company, and others party stand together, and raise the minimum wage throughout the nations. There are communities that believe raise the minimum wage has negative impact of every sector of the country. Other communities have different beliefs over the issue, raising the minimum wage helps the poor

Counter-Terrorism Project Free Essays

Terrorists, one of the prominent words that have been recently involved to a lot of social disturbance that often associated to killings of civilians. Such organization is usually recognized as a group of people that is known to create scare to the public and threatened the government by utilizing violence. This is in pursuance of their goal that is either political or religious. We will write a custom essay sample on Counter-Terrorism Project or any similar topic only for you Order Now Reading articles in the net, I thought that terrorism was already an evident social dilemma in both ancient and contemporary civilization (Jewett, n. d. ). Dating back to the ancient days, acts of terrors are already in existence (Jewett, n. d. ). Barbary and piracy are the most common terrorists that had threatened the lives of early civilization (Jewett, n. d. ). From a personal point of view, I consider terrorists as the most notorious criminals and law offenders in present time. With the various incidents of terror attacks whereas hundreds and thousands of lives had been claimed from series by series bombings, such terror activities had create negative impact in the society that caused panic and disseminates anxiety amongst the people. Citing these major events that have something to do with terrorism always make me wonder how these people could do such violent activities despite of thorough campaign against terrorism. Hence, the only thing that runs through my mind when the topic is terrorism is to think and formulate of counter-terrorism actions, which is inspired by thought of protecting the humankind and society against such detrimental activities. Upon reading just the introduction part of the terror training manual, the depiction of Al Qaeda’s commitment to their terror desire is clearly visible. It showcases that organization’s oath for what they believe in. Structured and composed in the most stimulating manner, the Islamic notion of the entire Al Qaeda Terror Group is highlighted well in aid to inculcate the attitude of a true blood terrorist for their new recruits. In addition to this, the organization’s disappointment and doubtfulness against the governance of the westerners. Moreover, the introduction of Al Qaeda’s terror training manual clearly stated their words of advice to their opposition (Western Government), saying that such unfaithful regimes must know the dialog of bullets, the ideals of assassination and the diplomacy of the cannon and machine-gun. In here, I can clearly say that the Al Qaeda is sending their message seriously towards the opposition and warns that such consequences must be honored than to just disregard. Hence, I could say that the first part of the training manual is the depiction of Al Qaeda’s righteousness, which they claim the thought and justify the notion that they are bound in goodness to do such terroristic activities. Browsing more of the manual’s pages I have discovered that Islam is not just performing rituals, however, it is a complete system with Religion and government, Koran and sword, worship and Jihad, ethics and dealing with people. Thus, this characterizes the organization’s mission in merely holistic manner, without being pessimistic or distinction between the political and spiritual. One of the major components of the manual that really attract my attention is the instructions that has something to do with falsification of significant document and comprehensive manual to handle individual mission. Certainly, Al Qaeda’s terror training manual provides detailed guidelines for their aspiring members on how to forge documents, handling proper finances, and setting up urban and rural bases. This is their profound training practice for the new members in able to avoid any compromise and detection in the secrecy of their terroristic mission. Hence, I see this as an aid to upset their target nations’ sense of security, by hiding their real identity to pursue their terroristic goal. In line with this, it would be helpful if security authorities are cautious to every individual’s true identity to determine who are the terrorist and not. By effecting counter terrorism action that could interrupt and detect this strategy of Al Qaeda, it is safe enough to say that such detrimental plan by the organization would be prevented and well managed. In the end, the composition Al Qaeda’s terror training manual utterly suggests that the government authorities mostly the western civilization to be care with the consequences might happen such as act of terrorism. Moreover, the training manuals clearly depicts the extent of capabilities of such organization. In addition to this, the manual is a written proof of the things that the Al Qaeda terrorists group could do in the society to harm the people. Personally speaking, I could say the manual was completed accordingly to achieve specific terroristic goal of the organization as every words and instructions are structured in the most stimulating manner to fire up the Islamic passion for their new members. Thus, such training manual must be reviewed thoroughly to intercept any acts of terrorism. Nonetheless, the training manual of Al Qaeda terrorists group would serve as the perfect reference in the formulation of governments counter-terrorism strategy. Furthermore, my read with the training manual of Al Qaeda have took me into some recommendations for counter – terrorism strategy. A counter – terrorism strategy must focus on detection and surveillance in order to prevent any occurrence of terrorism acts that could lead to harm the people. Hence, the starting point of such strategy is to design a more efficient ways to determine and point out trumped-up passports and other significant documents that members of Al Qaeda utilizes for their international travel. Summary of the Statement The above writings are my personal reactions in the Al Qaeda’s Training Manual. Those are the incorporations of all the assumptions and knowledge that I acquired upon my readings to the terror training manual. In a sense, most of the reaction statement that I have written above is the depiction of my own findings after I have read the Al Qaeda’s training manual. Starting in the introduction of the training manual, above words stated that Al Qaeda terrorists group is committed and in full service to spread their acts of terrorism in aid to their Muslim oath to Allah. Thus, the introduction appeals to the young Muslims to join them hand in hand to pursue their goal to spread the notions of Islam. In addition to this, the philosophy of the entire Al Qaeda terrorists group is also highlighted in the part of of my response statement to the training manual of the organization. Moreover, the above content tackles the capabilities of the organization to create social disturbance that aims to spread anxiety and harm people by utilizing violence. Also, this paper tells how the Muslim act and reciprocate to their opposition (West Government), and put into account the messages of the organization towards other side. In addition to this, the disappointment of the organization to the western government is as well discussed as it is one of the primary reasons as to why the Al Qaeda terrorist group are against the westerners. Nonetheless, the reactions above are representation of my own thought with regards to designing a counter – terrorism strategy to prevent any occurrence of such detrimental activities. Hence, it is determined the capabilities and significant strategies of the organization to disseminate anxiety in the society and harm the people that are against them. f References Jewett T. (n. d. ). Terrorism in Early America. Retrieved July 25, 2008, from http://www. earlyamerica. com/review/2002_winter_spring/terrorism. htmL Terrorist Training Manual. (n. d. ). Retrieved July 25, 2008, from www. fas. org/irp/world/para/aqmanual. pdf How to cite Counter-Terrorism Project, Papers

Anishinaabe Involvement in Social Activism

Question: Discuss about the Anishinaabe Involvement in Social Activism. Answer: Introduction: Anishinaabe or sometime termed as Anishinabek or Anishinaabeg is a group of people that are considered the original or the first people of North America and Canada who were culturally related at one end while sharing similar territories and languages at the other. The group was composed of several nations including Ojibwe, Oji- Cree, Potawatomi, Odawa, Algonquin peoples and Mississaugas. Traditionally, they have lived in Subarctic and Northeast Woodlands, used to speak Anishinaabe languages and strongly connected to their spiritual dogmas. Regarding social and political activism for their survival, Anishinaabe communities enjoy a very long and strong history keeping in view their spiritual ideas suggested by Seven Fires Prophecy. According to this divination doctrine, it is believed that human beings belong to varied traditions, languages and colors can come close together on the basis of their values and dignity. This dogma offers strong basis to their survival as well as their efforts ever made in the past to date. Looking into the past to 796 AD, it can be observed that the existence of Three Fires Confederacy or the Council of Three Fires was a community based response for Anishinaabe dignified existence. This union was a peaceful co-existence by the three main identities of this ethnic group including Ojibwa, Potawatomi and Ottawa. While moving away from the Atlantic coast in westward, Anishinaabe reached at Michilimackinac where the council was formed. This council was the beginning of an alliance by Anishinaabe for the declaration of their social and political rights while strongly connected to their values. The council was, first, set up for military purposes, peace existence with neighboring countries and trade promotion. Later on, the social and political activism did not stop but it continued throughout centuries. Spiritual ideas like The Seven Fires Prophecies and their true restoration were always considered the matter of high concerns for this ethnic group. They were strongly connected to their doctrines and values. They could fight to any extent for the preservation of their values. For example one event occurred in 1910 when Anishinaabe had to fight for the restoration of their spiritual beliefs which were based on multiple models due to the presence of various sub- groups in this ethnic identity. Basically, in 1870s onward, the Grand General Indian Council of Ontario tried its level best to reunite different sub-groups on one unified spiritual idea. With the help of this attempt, political dominance and influence were thought to be achieved over colonial powers. However, it was obvious that the idea would eventually hurt the individuality or existence of various groups that were the part of An ishinaabe. So, the situation resulted in the social activism of the community and finally a wide spread movement started and resulted in the successful formation of Allied Bands of Qu Appelle in order to offer a forum where protests can be better recorded at national level. However, it is further observed that the societal as well as political efforts of Anishinaabe did not come to an end. Anishinaabe attempts of being socially active were continued all through the way to date. The Union of Ontario Indians- an offshoot of Council of Three Fires formed in 1949 at national level is the concrete example in this regard. It is not only a political advocate for Anishinaabe nations but it further incorporates several other nations. Furthermore, time to time, nation based responses can be easily observed regarding Anishinaabe issues whether we talk about community based activists, groups or people. For example, Stanley Nelson directed Wounded Knee on May 11, 2009 in this regard. The film, basically, reflected American Indian Movement. The role of activists was especially highlighted. In the film, the distressed conditions faced by American Indians were especially focused who engaged in a confrontation with US government for the restoration of their rights, broken treatise and for the end of their grievances. The issue of racism was also explored just to bring nations attention towards an invisible communal group and its desperate situations. Finally, Anishinaabe sense of pride and connection to their legacy was thoroughly investigated in this movie. Last but not the least; other nation based activist groups can also be seen working for Anishinaabe issues. As already mentioned; visions play a vital role in Anishinaabe lives. They are the carriers of their values and dreams so, currently, Standing Rock and Idle No More are the movements serving their cause. Standing Rock Indian Movement basically focused on the opposition of Dakota Access Pipeline project in United States based on their vision of Lakota Black Snake Prophecy. According to this prophecy, there would be a black snake that would go up from the deep land and finally bring great destruction and sorrow. Keeping in notice the prophecy, the activists believe that the pipeline is a black snake that would definitely harm their natural environment. Similarly, Idle No More is another activist movement which has been rooted to protect natural environment like land, air and water. The end goal of every struggle put forward by Anishinaabe activists is the survival of values and e ndurance of future generations. Bibliography Anishinabek Nation. (2016). Union of Ontario Indians. Retrieved from https://www.anishinabek.ca/about-us/ Historica Canada. Retrieved from https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/ojibwa/ (2009). Episode 5: Wounded Knee. Retrieved from https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/weshallremain/the_films/episode_5_about (2009). Wounded Knee: Plot Summary. Retrieved from https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1352851/plotsummary?ref_=tt_ov_pl Moe, K. (22014, May 6). How a Black Snake in the Heartland Brought Spirit to American Environmentalism. Retrieved from https://www.yesmagazine.org/peace-justice/black-snake-in-the-heartland-spirituality-american-enviromentalism Intercontinental Cry: A Publication of the Center for World Indigenous Studies. Retrieved from https://intercontinentalcry.org/indigenous-peoples/anishinaabe/

The It Professionals Role In Competitive Market Intelligence Essays

The It Professional's Role In Competitive Market Intelligence Abstract The successful company will be driven to increase stakeholder value and profitability while creating a working environment that encourages and nurtures the growth of personal creativity and development as well as nurturing a sense of well-being for all members of the organization. When dealing with the forces that drive industry competition, a company can devise a strategy that takes the offensive. This posture is designed to do more than merely cope with the forces themselves; it is meant to alter their causes. The IT professional's role in competitive market intelligence The IT professional is increasingly being called upon to be a sleuth in the quest for the competitive market intelligence that is so necessary to support the enterprise's overall business strategy. In today's fast-changing marketplace, it is essential to monitor the techniques of similar businesses, and IT is being called upon to fulfill that functional need. IT must provide marketing with answers to vital questions such as: 1. How are competitors getting business? 2. Where does the enterprise look for new customers? 3. How are prospects targeted? 4. What services, products, and prices do competitors offer? 5. What images do our competitors project, and how does that compare to our image? The combined strength of marketing and IT Enterprises have depended on marketing for too long to provide competitive intelligence. It is crucial for IT professionals to contribute their specialized expertise to successfully adapt to the changing dynamics of the market arena. Marketing cannot do the job without the cooperation, tools, and willing support of the IT department. With the combined strength of the two complementary functions, a winning competitive market intelligence program is within the enterprise's reach. Useful and sometimes surprising insights can be gained from exploring the terrain of actual and potential competitors. Hardly an academic exercise, sizing up the competition should become an ongoing, regular, and systematic process of gathering, analyzing, and acting upon relevant data, which will provide businesses with two tangible benefits: It will reveal the steps that management must take to preempt competitive strikes. It will signal new market opportunities. Competitive monitoring enables management to develop practical strategies and measure the success of their actions. What you should know Simply knowing who your competitors are is not enough; you should also ferret out what their strategies and objectives are. You can gauge their strengths and weaknesses by learning about their products and services (current and new), pricing, features, and the level of customer satisfaction. How are your products or services positioned relative to the competition? Do your customers and prospects see your service as having the highest quality and still selling at the lower price? Is your product viewed as the low-cost brand, the premium-priced brand, the old standby, or the leader? After getting some comments, it may still be neither possible nor desirable to change your service's features. Instead, research could point out what to communicate and how to communicate to your market. For example, you could tell your marketing department what potential customers are looking for and highlight the features that are valued by your customers. Your information will enable the marketing people to create materials that tell customers what they want to hear and sell them what they want to buy. Differences can be subtle but they really do matter. Are yesterday's customers and clients being lured away by today's competition? Are they being tempted by the competition's siren song? Are they saying yes to your rival's lower fees or discounts? Are they buying new products or services that your company has not even thought of offering? Who will provide the answers? IT can, at the very least, provide meaningful data to formulate the correct solutions. Potential market threats While management understands the importance of keeping an eye on the competition, some members of management mistakenly believe that the marketing department alone has the resources to do a proper job. This is simply not true. Much valuable information exists in the database mines of the IT function. The IT professional must do some of the digging in those mines to find it. Most IT professionals are already in an excellent position to obtain and use primary competitive

Women and Literature Essays

Women and Literature Essays Women and Literature Essay Women and Literature Essay The book under consideration goes by the name of â€Å"The Wonderful Adventures of Mrs. Seacole in Many Lands† and was written by the rather infamous author by the name of Mary Seacole. Basically, what is to be presented here from the book is the fact that Seacole presented her help during the Crimean war which was rejected on the base of her race, as the times back then were very biased. The book was written by her in the year 1857 and presents to the readers an extremely interesting autobiography of a Jamaican woman, who came to be known as a rival of Florence Nightingale all the way through the period of the Crimean War. During the war she had presented the offer of helping out as a nurse and that too voluntarily but her offer was rejected completely on the base of her race. Impervious, Seacole got started autonomously to the Crimea where she where she performed an outclass task as doctor as well as a mother to injured soldiers at the same time as running her big business, known as the British Hotel.An eyewitness to a great number of battles, she presents to us flamboyant accounts of how she put up with sickness, onslaught and other adversity at the Crimean battlefront, getting past the discrimination. In the introduction that has been presented to us in the Penguin edition, Sara Salih knowledgeably goes through the metaphorical complications of Seacoles book to discover the sumptuousness of her story.AnalysisVoyager, industrialist, healer as well as a woman who belonged to a rather interesting background, Mary Seacole is a remarkable and mesmerizing figure, transgressing all traditionalist limitations. Mary Seacoles standing after the Crimean War definitely contended that of her corresponding person Florence Nightingale but for a very lengthy period of time she was an over and done annotation in history, and this almost certainly was related to the fact she did not belong to a while middle class family, but was as a substitute the progeny of two race s, her father being a Scottish person and her mother was a black Jamaican woman. Mary Seacole, since the time of her birth was a born healer as well as a woman who had remarkable energy, and with these skills she triumphed over bureaucrat unresponsiveness and ethnic prejudice as she endeavored to prove her significance as a Nurse on equivalence with Nightingale herself. Seacole voyaged extensively before arriving in London, where her proposal to help as a nurse in the war was met with discrimination and snub.Seacole made efforts completely on her own without taking help from anyone and went out to the battlefield, and she put her life at risk to bring console to the injured and dying armed forces; and turned into one of the first black woman to make a blot on British communal life.But at the same time as Florence Nightingale has worn-out in times gone by, Mary Seacole was downgraded to murkiness until very lately.The book under consideration is one that tells us in her own words abo ut her travels, her occurrence, and her life as a lady in color living in a time of prejudice, narrow-mindedness and racial detestation. The book definitely is a very good read and presents to the readers in its many pages a woman of bravery and ethical assurance that whatever she did all the way through her life and every step that she took was right. She did no wrong. It can be said that with her efforts Mary Seacole optimized the Crimean War in a manner that Nightingale never could achieve. This book is one that should be read in schools so that everyone could learn from her bravery. Mary Seacole is to a certain extent an indefinable stature for the reason that she never got to retain any official appointments as well as due to the fact that she did not leave behind a great body of printed works. As has been mentioned previously this book written by her was first published in 1857.As known to all, Mary Seacole was born in Kingston, Jamaica in the year1805. She was the daughter of a Scottish army officer and her mother was a liberated black woman who held up the responsibility of a boarding house in Kingston. Marys mother also helped out people who were sick. Later on all of her knowledge was passed on to Mary who later also turned into a doctress.In the year 1850 Kingston was smacked by a cholera epidemic. Mary Seacole, with her herbal medicines, played an imperative function in dealing with this sickness. She also compacted productively with a yellow fever eruption in Jamaica. Her distinction as a medical practitioner cultivated and she was soon performing operations on people who had knife and gunshot injury. During one trip to Panama she helped take care of people throughout an additional cholera epidemic. Mary performed an autopsy on one casualty and was as a result gifted to learn further about the way the disease assaulted the body.Later on in the year 1853 Russia invaded Turkey. Britain and France, worried about the increasing power of Russia, went t o Turkeys support. This divergence came to be known as the Crimean War.At the time when the Crimean war took place in the Crimea, some of the divisions from Jamaica were hurled there to brawl. Correspondents, like Times journalist, William H. Russell, wrote back reports related to the horrifying state of affairs for the unwell and injured. Nearly twenty thousand British soldiers died during the Crimean war out of which only about three thousand died in the battle field while the remaining seventeen thousand died due to the break out of diseases over there. Recruitment took place and Florence Nightingale was taken upon so as to put in order and educate nurses to toil in the armed forces hospitals of the Crimea. As soon as Mary Seacole heard about the conditions that were taking place, she believed that her familiarity with tropical diseases was fundamental to Britains war labors.As Mary was very fond of her boys coming from Jamaica, she wished to adhere to the contingents she was fam iliar with from Kingston in Sebastopol. Gathering all of the fulsome letters of commendation from armed forces doctors in Jamaica, Seacole came into London in the year 1854. she started off by applying to the War Office for the position of hospital nurse since in her own terms she said, â€Å"knowing that I was well fitted for the work, and would be the right woman in the right place (Seacole, p. 123). This was the first time when her assistance was rejected on the base of her race. After that she submitted an application at a range of military offices as well as at Florence Nightingales institute. Even though there was an enormous scarcity of appropriate women to depart to the Crimea as nurses, her application was rejected by everyone. As a final point, acrimoniously dissatisfied that not a soul seemed to desire the aid she was generously offering, Mary wrote in her biography, â€Å"Doubts and suspicion rose in my heart for the first and last time, thank Heaven. Was it possible t hat American prejudices against color had some root here? Did these ladies shrink from accepting my aid because my blood flowed beneath a somewhat duskier skin than theirs† (Seacole, p. 126).Disinclined to acknowledge trounce, Mary took on a business called the British Hotel, not many miles from the battlefront. This was the place where she vended food and drink to the British soldiers. By this way she was able to gather money so as to pay for the medical healing she provided to the soldiers (Seaton, P.1).ConclusionIn the light of the above discussion we can hereby culminate that Mary Seacole was a very learned person, but was declined to be taken up in Florence Nightingales team due to her ethnicity which was not linked to a middle class white family.

Post-WWII Jewish Migration

Post-WWII Jewish Migration Approximately six million European Jews were killed in the Holocaust during World War II. Many of the European Jews who survived the persecution and death camps had nowhere to go after V-E Day, May 8, 1945. Not only had Europe been practically destroyed, but many survivors did not want to return to their pre-war homes in Poland or Germany. Jews became Displaced Persons (also known as DPs) and spent time in helter-skelter camps, some of which were located at former concentration camps. As the Allies were taking Europe back from Germany in 1944-1945, the Allied armies liberated the Nazi concentration camps. These camps, which housed from a few dozen to thousands of survivors, were complete surprises for most of the liberating armies. The armies were overwhelmed by the misery, by the victims who were so thin and near-death. A dramatic example of what the soldiers found upon liberation of the camps occurred at Dachau where a train load of 50 boxcars of prisoners sat on the railroad for days as the Germans were escaping. There were about 100 people in each boxcar and, of the 5,000 prisoners, about 3,000 were already dead upon the arrival of the army. Thousands of survivors still died in the days and weeks following liberation and the military buried the dead in individual and mass graves. Generally, the Allied armies rounded up concentration camp victims and forced them to remain in the confines of the camp under armed guard. Medical personnel were brought into the camps to care for the victims and food supplies were provided but conditions in the camps were dismal. When available, nearby SS living quarters were used as hospitals. Survivors had no method of contacting relatives as they were not allowed to send or receive mail. The survivors were forced to sleep in their bunkers, wear their camp uniforms, and were not allowed to leave the barbed-wire camps, all while the German population outside of the camps were able to try to return to normal life. The military reasoned that the Holocaust survivors (now essentially their prisoners) could not roam the countryside for fear that they would attack civilians. By June, word of poor treatment of Holocaust survivors reached Washington, D.C. President Harry S. Truman, anxious to appease concerns, sent Earl G. Harrison, the dean of the University of Pennsylvania Law School, to Europe to investigate the ramshackle DP camps. Harrison was shocked by the conditions he found, As things stand now, we appear to be treating the Jews as the Nazis treated them, except that we do not exterminate them. They are in concentration camps, in large numbers under our military guard instead of SS troops. One is led to wonder whether the German people, seeing this, are not supposing that we are following or at least condoning Nazi policy. (Proudfoot, 325) Harrison strongly recommended to President Truman that 100,000 Jews, the approximate number of DPs in Europe at the time, be allowed to enter Palestine. As the United Kingdom controlled Palestine, Truman contacted the British Prime Minister Clement Atlee with the recommendation but Britain demurred, fearing repercussions (especially problems with oil) from Arab nations if Jews were allowed into the Middle East. Britain convened a joint United States-United Kingdom committee, the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry, to investigate the status of DPs. Their report, issued in April 1946, concurred with the Harrison report and recommended that 100,000 Jews be allowed into Palestine. Atlee ignored the recommendation and proclaimed that 1,500 Jews would be allowed to migrate to Palestine each month. This quota of 18,000 a year continued until the British rule in Palestine ended in 1948. Following the Harrison report, President Truman called for major changes to the treatment of Jews in the DP camps. Jews who were DPs were originally accorded status based on their country of origin and did not have separate status as Jews. General Dwight D. Eisenhower complied with Trumans request and began to implement changes in the camps, making them more humanitarian. Jews became a separate group in the camps so Jews no longer had to live with Allied prisoners who, in some cases, had served as operatives or even guards in the concentration camps. DP camps were established throughout Europe and those in Italy served as congregation points for those attempting to flee to Palestine. Trouble in Eastern Europe in 1946 more than doubled the number of displaced persons. At the beginning of the war, about 150,000 Polish Jews escaped to the Soviet Union. In 1946 these Jews began being repatriated to Poland. There were reasons enough for Jews not to want to remain in Poland but one incident in particular convinced them to emigrate. On July 4, 1946 there was a pogrom against the Jews of Kielce and 41 people were killed and 60 were seriously injured. By the winter of 1946/1947, there were about a quarter of a million DPs in Europe. Truman conceded to loosen immigration laws in the United States and brought thousands of DPs into America. The priority immigrants were orphaned children. Over the course of 1946 to 1950, over 100,000 Jews migrated to the United States. Overwhelmed by international pressures and opinions, Britain placed the matter of Palestine into the hands of the United Nations in February 1947. In the fall of 1947, the General Assembly voted to partition Palestine and create two independent states, one Jewish and the other Arab. Fighting immediately broke out between Jews and Arabs in Palestine but even with the U.N.s decision, Britain still kept firm control of Palestinian immigration as long as they could. Britains complicated process for regulation of displaced Jewish immigration to Palestinian was plagued with problems. Jews were moved to Italy, a trip which they often did on foot. From Italy, ships and crew were rented for the passage across the Mediterranean to Palestine. Some of the ships made it past a British naval blockade of Palestine, but most did not. The passengers of captured ships were forced to disembark in Cyprus, where the British operated DP camps. The British government began sending DPs directly to camps on Cyprus in August 1946. DPs shipped to Cyprus were then able to apply for legal immigration to Palestine. The British Royal Army ran the camps on the island. Armed patrols guarded the perimeters to prevent escape. Fifty-two thousand Jews were interned and 2,200 babies were born on the island of Cyprus between 1946 and 1949. Approximately 80 percent of the internees were between the ages of 13 and 35. Jewish organization was strong in Cyprus and education and job training was internally provided. Leaders on Cyprus often became initial government officials in the new state of Israel. One shipload of refugees heightened concern for DPs throughout the world. The Jewish survivors had formed an organization called Brichah (flight) for the purpose of smuggling immigrants (Aliya Bet, illegal immigration) to Palestine and the organization moved 4,500 refugees from DP camps in Germany to a port near Marseilles, France in July 1947 where they boarded Exodus. The Exodus departed France but was being watched by the British navy. Even before it entered the territorial waters of Palestine, destroyers forced the boat to the port at Haifa. The Jews resisted and the British killed three and wounded more with machine guns and tear gas. The British ultimately forced the passengers to disembark and they were placed on British vessels, not for deportation to Cyprus, as was the usual policy, but to France. The British wanted to pressure the French to take responsibility for the 4,500. The Exodus sat in the French port for a month as the French refused to force the refugees to disemba rk but they did offer asylum to those who wished to voluntarily leave. Not one of them did. In an attempt to force the Jews off the ship, the British announced that the Jews would be taken back to Germany. Still, no one disembarked as they wanted to go to Israel and Israel alone. When the ship arrived in Hamburg, Germany in September 1947, soldiers dragged each passenger off of the ship in front of reporters and camera operators. Truman and the much of the world watched and knew that a Jewish state needed to be established. On May 14, 1948 the British government left Palestine and the State of Israel was proclaimed the same day. The United States was the first country to recognize the new State. Legal immigration began in earnest, even though the Israeli parliament, the Knesset, did not approve the Law of Return, (which allows any Jew to migrate to Israel and become a citizen) until July 1950. Immigration to Israel increased rapidly despite war against hostile Arab neighbors. On May 15, 1948, the first day of Israeli statehood, 1,700 immigrants arrived. There was an average of 13,500 immigrants each month from May through December of 1948, far exceeding the prior legal migration approved by the British of 1,500 per month. Ultimately, the survivors of the Holocaust were able to emigrate to Israel, the United States, or a host of other countries. The State of Israel accepted as many that were willing to come and Israel worked with the arriving DPs to teach them job skills, provide employment, and to help the immigrants help build the wealthy and technologically advanced country that it is today.

Areas That Shell Oil Company Needs To Focus On In Order To Increase Essay

Areas That Shell Oil Company Needs To Focus On In Order To Increase Its Sales and Revenue - Essay Example This paper illustrates that Shell Oil Company is a US-based firm which has been in operations for decades. Over the years, the company has been able to strengthen its financial position. However, in the past one decade, the company has lost a margin of its market share to the new entrants in the market. This paper will give an in-depth insight of areas that the company needs to focus on in order to increase its sales and revenue. Being a multinational company, Shell is facing stiff penalties and charges from global bodies. For instance, the EU and UN have enacted strict laws to curb carbon emission. This has forced Shell to settle government pressure through offering incentives such as improvement of the economies in the countries where the firm operates. It has been found that oil can be used to gauge the economic development of the country. However, due to the increasing demand for the commodity especially in the United States, the oil companies have tried to use their influence to earn support from the respective governments. However, the governments have maintained their positions especially because of the environmental issues associated with oil companies. In the past five years, Shell has tried to get engage with Climate Action Partnership in an attempt to improve its reputation. However, the government has maintained its stiff position against the company. In addition, the Congress has stated that the government cannot compromise the environment in order to improve the economy. Therefore, the political environment across the world has been stiff against the firm because every government is trying to do its part in order to reduce the increasing levels of global warming. Therefore, political leaders are pushing their governments further in order to stiffen the existing rules and regulations.